In this paper we introduce a computation algorithm to trace car paths on road networks, whose load evolution is modeled by conservation laws. This algorithm is composed of two parts: computation of solutions to conservation equations on each road and localization of car position resulting by interactions with waves produced on roads. Some applications and examples to describe the behavior of a driver traveling in a road network are shown. Moreover, a convergence result for wave front tracking approximate solutions, with BV initial data on a single road, is established.

We consider existence and qualitative properties of traveling wave solutions of a new free boundary problem which describes fluid flow in diatomite rocks and in particular the phenomenon of hydraulic fracturing. For certain parameter values discontinuities of the traveling waves may appear near their free boundaries.

We provide Monte Carlo estimators for the derivatives of functionals of Poisson-driven systems, and apply the theoretical results to models of interest in stochastic geometry and insurance

We provide a large deviation principle for the interference in a simple model of wireless communication

The paper tackles the problem of approximately reconstructing a real function defined on the surface of the unit sphere in the Euclidean q-dimensional space, with q>1, starting from function's samples at scattered sites. Two new operators are introduced for continuous and discrete approximation at scattered sites. Moreover precise error estimates as well as Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund inequalities are derived in every Lp space, giving concrete bounds for all the involved constants.

De la Vallée Poussin means are used to prove Jackson-Favard type estimates for weighted algebraic polynomials with Jacobi and Laguerre-like weights.

The problem of estimating a complex measure made up by a linear combination of Dirac distributions centered on points of the complex plane from a finite number of its complex moments affected by additive i.i.d. Gaussian noise is considered. A random measure is defined whose expectation approximates the unknown measure under suitable conditions. An estimator of the approximating measure is then proposed as well as a new discrete transform of the noisy moments that allows computing in estimate of the Unknown measure. A small simulation study is also performed to experimentally check, the goodness of the approximations.

We study the linear post-Newtonian approximation to general relativity known as gravitoelectromagnetism (GEM); in particular, we examine the similarities and differences between GEM and electrodynamics. Notwithstanding some significant differences between them, we find that a special nonstationary metric in GEM can be employed to show {\it explicitly} that it is possible to introduce gravitational induction within GEM in close analogy with Faraday's law of induction and Lenz's law in electrodynamics. Some of the physical implications of gravitational induction are briefly discussed.

We introduce and investigate the grand Orlicz spaces and the grand Lorentz-Orlicz spaces. An application to the problem of global integrability of the Jacobian of orientation preserving mappings is given.

We consider a class of finite Markov moment problems with an arbitrary number of positive and negative branches. We show criteria for the existence and uniqueness of solutions, and we characterize in detail the nonunique solution families. Moreover, we present a constructive algorithm to solve the moment problems numerically and prove that the algorithm computes the right solution.

This paper investigates a simple one-dimensional model of incommensurate “harmonic crystal” in terms of the spectrum of the corresponding Schrödinger equation. Two angles of attack are studied: the first exploits techniques borrowed from the theory of quasi-periodic functions while the second relies on periodicity properties in a higher-dimensional space. It is shown that both approaches lead to essentially the same results; that is, the lower spectrum is split between “Cantor-like zones” and “impurity bands” to which correspond critical and extended eigenstates, respectively. These “new bands” seem to emerge inside the band gaps of the unperturbed problem when certain conditions are met and display a parabolic nature. Numerical tests are extensively performed on both steady and time-dependent problems.

We present an analysis of the dynamics of the term structure of interest rates based on the study of the time evolution of the parameters of a variation of the Nelson-Siegel model. The results show that it is extremely difficult to find a relation between the evolution of the term structure and the behavior of macroeconomic variables different from the official interest rate. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

In this paper a unified model for both detection and restoration of line scratches on color movies is presented. It exploits a generalization of the light diffraction effect for modeling the shape of scratches, while perception laws are used for their automatic detection and removal. The detection algorithm has a high precision in terms of number of detected true scratches and reduced number of false alarms. The quality of the restored images is satisfying from a subjective (visual) point of view if compared with the state-of-the-art approaches. The use of very simple operations in both detection and restoration phases makes the implemented algorithms appealing for their low computing time.